Improved back plate and chimney-throat for fire-places



J. E. LAYTON.

Patented Oct. 29, 1861.

Chimney.

/ Inl/anion UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOIIN E. IJAYTON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED BACK PLATE AND CHlMNEY-THROAT FOR FIRE-PLACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 33,59! dated October 29, 1861.

T0 al?, whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. LAYTON, of Pittsburg, inthe county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful article of manufacture, consisting of a Combined Back Plate and Throat-Piece for Open Fire-Places; and I do hereby decla-re the following to be a fu'l`l`,:clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings, 'forming part of this speciication, in which- Figure l is a representation of an open tireplace, showing by dotted lines the application of my improvement. Fig. l is a transverse vertical section of the tire-place shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a perspective representation ot' my combined back plate and throat-piece.

In the construction of fire-places and chimneys nothing is moreiinportant than the construction and situation of the throat of the chimneyand the relative position of the back wall of the tire-place thereto.

Many fire-places smoke just because of some slight defect in thc construction or location of the throat. of the chimney, and there is a great deal ot heat wasted in open tire-places for want of a correct position tothe back wall of the tire-place. 'lhis is owing in a great measure to a want ot' sk'll and knowledge in the mechanics who are mployed to build chimneys and set grates,'and especially is this the case in country places.

As the comfort ot' a house depends so largely on the mea-ns of heating it, and a lire-place with which a room may be easily warmed is a matter of great importance, I have contrived a back wall and chimney-throat combined in one piece, which may be set by any brick-layer, however unskilled in the art ot` building tire-places, and which will not only cause a chimney to d raw well, but will greatly increase the amount of heat given out from a fire over the ordinary method of construction.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to construct and use my improvement., l will proceed to describe it more fully.

In the drawings, Fig. I represents my combined throat-piece and back wall foropen tireplaces. lt is made of cast-iron in a single piece., a is the back plate, consisting ot'a flat rectangular pl'ate of the desired width of the lire-place. At its upper edge is the throatpiece b, the sides of which are parallel. The throa piece is of the same width as the back platedythe aperture being long and narrow. The sides of the throat-piece and the back plate are set at such an angle to each other as that when in place the back plate will slope more or less upward from the rear wall c of the lire-place to the front wall d, and the aperture ot' the throat will incline upward and backward from the front wall of the chimney, as seen in Fig. 2. lhese combined throatpieces and back plates will be made of various widths to suit the various sizes of tireplaces and chimneys.

The mode ot' applying my th mat-piece and back plate is seen in Fig. L. It is built into the brick-Work in setting' the grate in such manner as that the frontl edge ot' the aperture ot the throat-piece shall touch the front wall ot the chimney or arch of the grate just above or on a level with the top ot the opening ot the tire-place, the aperture of the throat inlining theneeupward and backward. 'lhele being a space in the rear of the back plate o, and also above and in front ot` the throat'- piece, the air in those spaces becomes heated and raretied by the heat communicated to theI back plate and tl'iroat-piece by the fire, which causes an upward d raft, in. the chimney sufiicent to secure its drawing well. These combined throat-pieces and back` plates are designed to be made independent ot' any other part of the tire-place or grate as an article ot' manufacture, and to be inserted in the chimney in the manner described for the purpose of improving thedraft of the chimney-and ot' increasing the quantity of heat thrown out from `the tire into the room.

l-laving thus described my improvement, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by .Letters Patent, is-

The construction ot a th roat-piece and back plate for open fireplaces combined in one piece as a new art icic ot' manufacture.

In testimony whereof 1,1he said JOHN E. LAYTON, have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

" .lOl IN li). LA'YTON.

Witnesses:

M. G. UUsnlNo, J. D. l-IANcocK. 

